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Baxter Building

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This article is about the Marvel Comics building. For the building in Maine, see Baxter Building (Portland, Maine).
Baxter Building
The original Baxter Building as depicted in Fantastic Four Annual #1 (1963). Art by Jack Kirby.
First appearanceOriginal version:
Fantastic Four #3
(March 1961)[1]
Current version:
Fantastic Four vol. 3 #38
(February 2001)
Created byStan Lee
Jack Kirby
In-universe information
TypeBuilding
LocationNew York City, U.S.
PublisherMarvel Comics

The Baxter Building is a fictional 35-story office building appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, the building first appeared in Fantastic Four #3 (March 1962). The construction is depicted in Manhattan, and its five upper floors house the Fantastic Four's headquarters.[2][3][4][5]

Publication history

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The Baxter Building first appeared in Fantastic Four #3 (March 1962) and was created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby.[6] The Baxter Building was the first comic-book superhero lair to be well known to the general public in the fictional world.[7]

The Baxter Building is destroyed in Fantastic Four #278 (May 1985), written and drawn by John Byrne. Explaining why he chose to destroy the iconic structure, Byrne said, "The FF's HQ building had long been established as 35 stories in height. Quite impressive in 1962, but not so much in 1980, when I came to the book. It didn't seem like I could just start referring to the building as taller than all those previous stories had made it, so I decided on something a wee bit more dramatic."[8]

Fictional description

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Located at 42nd Street and Madison Avenue in New York City,[9] it had been built in 1949 by the Leland Baxter Paper Company. Originally designed as a high-rise industrial site to accommodate pulp recycling machinery to serve the mid-Manhattan area, each floor height is 24 feet (7.3 m).[6] The top five floors of the 35-story building were purchased outright by the Fantastic Four.[10]

The building's steel frame construction utilized the first application of "K bracing" in the world and is one of the strongest structures of its kind. The Baxter Building is located a few city blocks from the United Nations Building. Reed Richards has applied for many land-use zone variations to allow massive reconstruction of the top five floors for the installation of a heavily silenced silo, with a muffled rocket.

The design of the headquarters of the Fantastic Four is along strictly utilitarian lines, except for apartments and public areas. All aspects of the design are constantly being improved, including security. For example, windows are 2 ft (0.61 m) thick composites of various glasses and plastics which are mirrored on the outside. Solid, armored, exterior walls are also mirror-clad and are indistinguishable from transparent sections.

The top five sections of the Baxter Building are completely airtight; all doors are airlocks. Complete environmental support (including atmosphere) is provided by the area between elevators 2, 3, and 4 on all floors. The building's steel-alloy framework is rigid enough to be stood on one corner and not collapse (It was suggested that the Baxter Building did not collapse under its own weight due to the use of tactile telekinesis by Gladiator of the Shi'ar Imperial Guard. Reed stated that even with the reinforced structure, it should not be possible otherwise.).

The buffer-zone is the interface between the top five floors and the lower levels. It provides a rapid-disconnect between upper and lower segments of building. It contains an array of large oil-rams to dampen any oscillations between the five upper levels and the base of the building. The buffer-zone contains some support equipment for the upper levels, but mostly it is the "mechanical floor", which provides heating, ventilation, air-conditioning and elevator support equipment for the lower 30 stories.

Ownership

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A running gag for years in the title was that the landlord, Walter Collins, was initially eager to rent out to a superhero team for the publicity and prestige, but he soon regretted his decision, as the building became a constant target for numerous attacks by supervillains starting with Fantastic Four #6 in which Doctor Doom launched the entire building into outer space.[6] The attacks made things difficult not only for the Four, but for the other tenants in the lower floors as well. Eventually, Reed Richards decided to invoke a clause of the rental agreement and bought the entire building to avoid eviction.[10]

Iterations

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Eventually, the building was destroyed by Doctor Doom's adopted son Kristoff Vernard, who shot it into space and exploded it in a bid to murder the Fantastic Four.[11] It was replaced by Four Freedoms Plaza, built upon the same site.[12] After the Fantastic Four and other costumed heroes were presumed dead in the wake of their battle with Onslaught,[13] Four Freedoms Plaza was stripped clean of all the FF's equipment by Vernard and Reed Richards' father Nathaniel, who sent it into the Negative Zone to keep it out of the hands of the United States military.[14]

Upon their return, the Fantastic Four could not move back into Four Freedoms Plaza, as it had been destroyed by the Thunderbolts,[15] shortly after the revelation that they were actually the Avengers' longtime foes, the Masters of Evil. Thus, the Fantastic Four moved into a retrofitted warehouse along the Hudson River which they named Pier 4.[16] The warehouse was destroyed during a battle with Diablo,[17] after which the team received a new Baxter Building, courtesy of Reed's former professor Noah Baxter. This Baxter Building was constructed in Earth's orbit and teleported into the vacant lot formerly occupied by the original Baxter Building and Four Freedoms Plaza.[18] The current Baxter Building's ground floor is used as a Fantastic Four gift shop and museum open to the public.

In the aftermath of the collapse of the multiverse, the Fantastic Four have disbanded as the Richards' family have gone on to reconstruct the multiverse,[volume & issue needed] leaving the Thing to join the Guardians of the Galaxy,[volume & issue needed] while the Torch is working as an ambassador for the Inhumans and a member of the Avengers Unity Squad.[volume & issue needed] As a result, the deserted Baxter Building was up for auction, until it was purchased to serve as the temporary headquarters of Parker Industries, much to the initial dismay of the Human Torch.[volume & issue needed] However, Peter Parker explained to the Torch that he outbid Alchemax, Hammer Industries, and Roxxon for the ownership of the building simply to keep it out of their hands, and will give the Baxter Building back when the Fantastic Four reunites. Witnessing a large sculpture of the FF in the entrance hall that was created by Alicia Masters, the Torch reflects that he is glad that the building is staying with family.[19] But when Parker Industries was destroyed during Secret Empire,[20] it was sold out to an anonymous buyer and was shortly the headquarters of The Fantastix.[21] With the creation of a powerful portal through time and space, the building was once again destroyed by the Griever in an attempt to steal the portal.[volume & issue needed] The building then went missing, having been sent one year into the future by Reed in an act of desperation.[volume & issue needed]

Reception

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Accolades

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  • In 2019, Comic Book Resources (CBR) ranked the Baxter Building 9th in their "10 Most Iconic Superhero Hideouts In Marvel Comics" list.[22]
  • In 2020, CBR ranked the Baxter Building 7th in their "10 Best Secret Lairs In Marvel Comics" list[23] and 10th in their "Avengers 10 Best Headquarters" list.[24]

Other versions

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1602

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An unnamed manor house owned by a Lord Baxter from Earth-311 appears in the Marvel 1602 miniseries Marvel 1602: Fantastick Four. After renting it out from Lord Baxter, Sir Richard Reed equips it with an observatory and chemical laboratory.[volume & issue needed]

Old Man Quill

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The Baxter Building of Earth-21923 appears in Old Man Quill. This version was converted into a missile used to kill Loki, with its remnants being sought after by individuals from other galaxies.[25]

Spider-Verse

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The Baxter Building of Earth-802 appears in the Spider-Verse tie-in series Scarlet Spiders. This version serves as a base and clone production facility overseen by Jennix of the Inheritors, who also employs the Human Torch as head of security before Ben Reilly destroys the building.[volume & issue needed]

Ultimate Marvel

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A government organization from Earth-1610 called the Baxter Foundation appears in the Ultimate Marvel imprint. It is a US government think tank that offers exceptionally gifted children government positions in exchange for using their intelligence to serve their country. Additionally, their primary facility is overseen by General "Thunderbolt" Ross, with Willie Lumpkin serving as head of security, while an Oregon facility is referenced.[volume & issue needed]

In other media

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Television

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Film

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  • The Baxter Building appears in Fantastic Four (2005), represented by the Marine Building, which was selected for its Art Deco appearance.[27]
  • The Baxter Building appears in Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer,[28] represented once more by the Marine Building. According to screenwriter Don Payne, "The Baxter Building, because [the Fantastic Four] are more successful and making more money, has been refurbished. So it's not as grungy, more high tech."[29]
  • The Baxter Building, renamed the Baxter Institute, appears in Fantastic Four (2015) as a government-funded think tank for scientific youngsters founded by Franklin Storm.[30]

Video games

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Commercial depictions

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Fantastic Four's Headquarters: A Complete Guide". 23 September 2018.
  2. ^ Jeffrey Kahan; Stanley Stewart (2006). Caped crusaders 101: composition through comic books. MacFarlane. p. 47. ISBN 0-7864-2532-6. Reed and his cohorts use his fortunes to turn his company's headquarters, the Baxter Building, into an intelligence tower, from which his people monitor conflicts around the world and intervene when their services are needed
  3. ^ Gina Misiroglu (2004). The Superhero Book. Visible Ink Press. p. 567. ISBN 1-57859-154-6. The Baxter Building, a gleaming skyscraper in the heart of Manhattan, serves as the Fantastic Four's home and base of operations.
  4. ^ Scott Bukatman (2003). Matters of gravity: special effects and supermen in the 20th century. Duke University Press. p. 57. ISBN 0-8223-3119-5. The Fantastic Four even had their own skyscraper -the Skidmore, Owings and Merrill-style Baxter Building (all of these headquarters were revealed in panoptic cutaway views detailing the location of hangars, living quarters, training areas, and missile launchers).
  5. ^ Leroy, Kath (September 17, 2020). "Fantastic Four: 10 Facts Fans Should Know About The Baxter Building". CBR. Retrieved January 9, 2023.
  6. ^ a b c Sanderson, Peter (2007). The Marvel Comics Guide to New York City. New York City: Pocket Books. pp. 42–48. ISBN 978-1-4165-3141-8.
  7. ^ Simcha Weinstein (2009). Up, Up, and Oy Vey: How Jewish History, Culture, and Values Shaped The Comic Book Superhero. Barricade Books. p. 73. ISBN 978-1-56980-400-1. Unlike previous superheroes, the Fantastic Four did not rely on double identities and disguises. In their alternate world they were celebrities headquartered in the Baxter building on New York's Fifth Avenue.
  8. ^ Powers, Tom (February 2010). "John Byrne's Fantastic Four: The World's Greatest Family Magazine!". Back Issue! (38). TwoMorrows Publishing: 19.
  9. ^ Irving, Christopher (March 1, 2009). "A Land of Geeks and Goblins". New York. Retrieved July 14, 2010.
  10. ^ a b Martin, David E. (1987). Marvel Super Heroes: The Fantastic Four Compendium. TSR, Inc. pp. 76–79.
  11. ^ Fantastic Four #278 (May 1985)
  12. ^ Fantastic Four #289 (April 1986)
  13. ^ Onslaught: Marvel Universe (October 1996)
  14. ^ Tales of the Marvel Universe #1 (February 1997)
  15. ^ Thunderbolts #10 (January 1998)
  16. ^ Fantastic Four vol. 3 #2 (February 1998)
  17. ^ Fantastic Four vol. 3 #35-36 (November–December 2000)
  18. ^ Fantastic Four vol. 3 #39 (March 2001)
  19. ^ Amazing Spider-Man Vol. 4 #3
  20. ^ Amazing Spider-Man Vol. 4 #31 (2017)
  21. ^ Fantastic Four Vol. 6 #4 (2018)
  22. ^ Avina, Anthony (September 6, 2019). "10 Most Iconic Superhero Hideouts In Marvel Comics, Ranked". CBR. Retrieved January 9, 2023.
  23. ^ Avina, Anthony (April 28, 2020). "10 Best Secret Lairs In Marvel Comics, Ranked". CBR. Retrieved February 7, 2023.
  24. ^ Allan, Scoot (March 2, 2020). "The Avengers 10 Best Headquarters, Ranked". CBR. Retrieved January 9, 2023.
  25. ^ Old Man Quill #1-12 (2019)
  26. ^ Bonanno, Luke (July 12, 2005). "Fantastic Four: The Complete 1994-95 Animated Television Series DVD Review". Retrieved June 29, 2010.
  27. ^ Otto, Jeff (November 23, 2004). "Fantastic Four Set Visit". IGN FilmForce. Archived from the original on November 25, 2004. Retrieved June 29, 2010.
  28. ^ Smith, Andrew A. (June 12, 2007). "A primer on the Silver Surfer". Scripps Howard News Service. Archived from the original on February 25, 2012. Retrieved June 29, 2010.
  29. ^ Ens, Paul (May 22, 2007). "Fantastic Four Set Visit: The Writer". ComingSoon.net. Archived from the original on August 17, 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2010.
  30. ^ Dyce, Andrew (August 10, 2015). "'Fantastic Four' Easter Eggs & Comic References". ScreenRant. Retrieved January 9, 2023.
  31. ^ Butts, Steve (October 22, 2013). "LEGO Marvel Super Heroes Review". IGN. Retrieved January 9, 2023.
  32. ^ Arnold, Matt (October 22, 2022). "Marvel Snap: 10 Best Locations". TheGamer. Retrieved January 9, 2023.
  33. ^ Heaney, Samuel; Santiago, Eddie D. (October 24, 2023). "Easter Eggs - Marvel's Spider-Man 2 Guide". IGN. Retrieved October 26, 2023.
  34. ^ "Marvel Comics Walking Tour of New York City" (PDF). New York Skyride. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 9, 2010. Retrieved June 29, 2010.
  35. ^ "Marvel Super Hero Island Dining". Archived from the original on 7 June 2010. Retrieved June 29, 2010.
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