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Deir ez-Zor offensive (2024)

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For other offensives, see Deir ez-Zor offensive.

Deir ez-Zor offensive (2024)
Part of the 2024 Syrian opposition offensive and the Eastern Syria insurgency in the Syrian civil war
Northwestern Syria offensive (2024).jpg
Operation Dawn of Freedom.jpg

  • Map of Deir ez-Zor in Syria
  •   Controlled by the Syrian opposition
  •   Controlled by the Syrian Democratic Forces
Date
  • 17 November 2024 – 3 December 2024 (clashes)
  • 3 December 2024 – present (military offensive)
Location
Deir ez-Zor Governorate, Syria
Result Ongoing
Territorial
changes
  • Syrian and Russian forces withdrawal from Deir ez-Zor; SDF completely take over the city of Deir ez-Zor[2]
  • SDF captures the 7 villages of the "Khasham Pocket" on the east bank of the Euphrates,[3]
  • Opposition forces present in the city of Deir ez-Zor[4]
Belligerents
Syrian Democratic Forces
Supported by:
CJTF–OIR
 United States		  Syrian Arab Republic Surrendered
Supported by:
 Russia (until 30 November)
 Iran (until 6 December)		  Islamic State[1]  Syrian opposition
(since 9 December)
Units involved

Syrian Democratic Forces

 United States Armed Forces

 Syrian Armed Forces Surrendered

Pro-Iranian militias[7][8]

Popular Mobilization Forces[8]
Islamic Resistance in Iraq		 Islamic State Military of the Islamic State

Military Operations Command

Casualties and losses
10 killed[a] 12 killed[b]
Iran 2 killed[c]		 Islamic State 2 killed[10] Islamic State 11 arrested (SDF claim)[11] Several protesters killed (allegedly)[4]
1 civilian killed[d]

In the days leading up to and during the 2024 Syrian opposition offensives, several military clashes involving ISIS cells, Syrian rebel forces, Syrian government forces, and US-led international coalition forces involving the United Kingdom, France, Jordan, Turkey, Canada, Australia, and others, occurred in Deir ez-Zor Governorate. These events prompted significant military responses from both Russian forces and Syrian government troops.

On 3 December 2024, the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), supported by the US-led CJTF–OIR coalition, launched an offensive on pro-government forces in the eastern Deir ez-Zor region.[12][7]

Background

Main article: Attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq, Jordan, and Syria during the Israel–Hamas war

Clashes

On 17 November 2024, ISIS cells killed a member of the SDF and injured others at a security checkpoint.[13]

On 19 November, a United States Air Force strike on Iranian-aligned militia compounds in Al-Qoriya Desert, Deir ez-Zor Governorate, killed five militia troops. Additional operations targeted militia positions in Al-Quriyah, Mayadin, and Al-Asharah, following an Iranian missile impact near their Al-Shaddadi base in Al-Hasakah Governorate. Earlier in November, the US-led international coalition conducted four live-ammunition exercises at the Al-Omar Oil Field base, their largest Syrian installation, and another at the Al-Tanf base near the Syria-Iraq-Jordan border area.[14][15]

On 21 November, ISIS conducted an IED attack which killed two SDF fighters and injured 12 others in Deir Ezzor.[16]

On 23 November, ISIS cells ambushed a Syrian Arab Army (SAA) position in Al-Bushri desert, killing a lieutenant and soldier. ISIS cells also ambushed a position in the Al-Ma'ezalyah area of the Abu Kamal desert, killing two Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps troops and injuring two other soldiers.[17]

On 24 November, ISIS operatives attacked and killed two SDF fighters and severely injured one after detonating a road land mine in Ghariba Al-Sharqiya Village within the Al-Sawr district of northern Deir ez-Zor.[18]

On 25 November, ISIS operatives conducted two separate attacks in western Deir ez-Zor Governorate. The first incident involved ISIS members on motorcycles engaging in an armed confrontation with Al-Asayish Internal Security Forces along Al-Khorafy Road near Abu Khashab. While the encounter involved machine gun fire, no casualties were reported. In a separate incident on the same day, ISIS militants conducted a fatal attack near Al-Makman, resulting in the death of an oil tank driver.[19]

In response, Russian air forces executed multiple precision strikes against ISIS desert positions on 27 November 2024. These operations targeted specific locations including Al-Boshra Mountain in western Deir ez-Zor and positions within Al-Rasafa in the Al-Raqqa countryside.[20] On the same day, gunmen of ISIS cells fired upon a SDF checkpoint located in Al-Hawayej Town with machine guns.[21]

On 28 November, ISIS operatives riding a motorcycle fired automatic weapons at the first brigade of the Self-Defense Forces in Al-Jurthi town, located in eastern Deir ez-Zor province, resulting in return fire with no known casualties.[22] A US-led international coalition military exercise involving fighter jets took place at the United States military base at the Koniko gas field in northern Deir ez-Zor. These exercises generated notable acoustic signatures in the surrounding area due to the intensity of the operations.[23]

On 29 November, unidentified aircraft conducted precision strikes against positions associated with Iranian-aligned forces in the Ma'izila Desert region of Abu Kamal, situated along the Iraq–Syria border.[24]

Iranian-aligned militias significantly expanded their military presence and security operations in Abu Kamal amid heightened regional tensions and following U.S. military actions against militia positions in the region. The militias established new checkpoint systems at the city's entry and exit points, with increased patrol activities in secondary streets.[8]

Notable reinforcements arrived from several affiliated groups, including Hezbollah Iraq, the Popular Mobilization Forces, and the Fatemiyoun militia, concentrating their presence in the Al-Thalathaat region near the Iraq-Syria border. The deployed forces conducted nocturnal training exercises, including live-fire drills directed toward desert areas in preparation for potential military actions from forces stationed at the Al-Tanf base hosting international coalition forces. The reinforcements followed a 27 November U.S. Central Command precision strike against a militia weapons storage facility in Syria.[8]

Russian withdrawal and SDF–Syrian Army clashes

On 30 November, Russian forces executed a coordinated withdrawal of military equipment and personnel from multiple headquarters across the Seven Villages area, relocating these assets to Deir ez-Zor city. The withdrawal encompassed positions in Al-Husseiniyah, Al-Salihiyah, Hatla, Marrat, Mazloum, Khasham, and Tabiyet Jazira, all situated on the eastern bank of the Euphrates.[25] The withdrawal prompted strategic responses from multiple actors, including the SDF, which consolidated its forces in the industrial zones adjacent to the affected area. US-led international coalition forces, operating from Koniko Gas Field, conducted artillery operations targeting positions in Marrat and Khasham towns within the Seven Villages region.[26]

On 2 December, the General Security Directorate was able to arrest an ISIS emir in the town of Al-Izba, north of Deir ez-Zor. The emir was responsible for several recent bombings and assassinations in the town.[27]

Deir ez-Zor offensive

On 3 December 2024, the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), launched an offensive on pro-government forces near the towns of Khasham and Al-Salihiyah in the eastern Syrian province of Deir ez-Zor, and captured the village of Al-Hussainiyah.[12] CJTF–OIR coalition aircraft provided support to the SDF, by targeting Iran-backed militias in the region.[7] An SDF fighter and a civilian were killed in clashes with SAA.[28] The SDF claimed to have captured the 7 villages under SAA control on the east bank of the Euphrates; Salhiya, Tabiya, Hatla, Khasham, Marat, Mazloum, and Husseiniya, and were incorporating them into the Deir ez-Zor Military Council.[3] Hours later, SDF withdrew from the areas in which it advanced.[29] A US airstrike killed six SAA soldiers near Deir ez-Zor airport.[30]

On 5 December, SDF captured the Thawra oil field, the town of Resafa and strategic locations near Safyan, and Anbaj areas, located in the Raqqa Governorate, following the withdrawal of pro-government forces.[31]

On 6 December, pro-government forces began withdrawing from the towns of Deir ez-Zor, Mayadin, Al-Quriyah and Abu Kamal, towards the capital Damascus.[32] Shortly following their withdrawal, SDF fighters captured the city of Deir ez-Zor and extended their control all the way to Abu Kamal and the Iraqi border.[33]

On 9 December, anti-SDF protests erupted in Deir ez-Zor calling for the Syrian transitional government to take control over the city.[4] On 10 December, the opposition announced the capture of Al-Bukamal.[34] On 11 December, it came under the control of Tahrir al-Sham.[9] Some SDF Military Council leaders defected to the Fateh Mubin operations room.[35][36]

On December 17, a SDF fighter was killed by ISIS attack in Deir Ezzor.[37]

On 17 December, two SDF fighters were killed and four others wounded by ISIS attack on checkpoint in Al-Raqqa.[38][39]

On 20 December, two ISIS fighters were killed in a US airstrike in Deir Ezzor.[40]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ 6 before the offensive, 1 on December 3rd, 3 on December 17-19
  2. ^ 6 before the offensive, 6 on December 3rd
  3. ^ before the offensive
  4. ^ offensive phase

References

  1. ^ "Head of US-backed Syrian Kurdish force says ISIS has taken areas in east Syria". Al Arabiya English. 2024-12-06. Retrieved 2024-12-07.
  2. ^ "Syria Govt Troops Withdraw From Areas It Held In Deir Ezzor Province: Monitor". Barron's. ISSN 1077-8039. OCLC 29933161. Retrieved 2024-12-06.
  3. ^ a b "Deir ez-Zor Military Council responds to call and appeals of 7 villages". Hawar News Agency. Retrieved 4 December 2024.
  4. ^ a b c Brian Burns (9 December 2024). "US-Backed SDF Faces Growing Challenges Amid Local Dissent, External Pressures In Syria". Tampa Free Press. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  5. ^ "YPJ Commander: We will protect the women of Deir ez-Zor". Firat News Agency. 8 December 2024. Retrieved 8 December 2024.
  6. ^ "A member of the "Deir Ezzor Military Council" was killed during clashes with regime forces.. A girl was killed and 3 civilians were injured in artillery shelling". SOHR. 3 December 2024. p. Arabic. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
  7. ^ a b c d "With the participation of the "International Coalition" aircraft.. Violent clashes between the "Deir Ezzor Military Council" and the regime forces and Iranian militias in the Deir Ezzor countryside" (in Arabic). SOHR. 3 December 2024. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g "استنفار لميليشيات إيران في البوكمال بريف دير الزور". baladi-news.com (in Arabic). Retrieved 2024-12-01.
  9. ^ a b "Rebellenbündnis übernimmt Deir ez-Zor" (in German). Watson. 11 December 2024. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  10. ^ "New attack | Emir of ISIS cells and his companion killed under US airstrike on Deir Ezzor". SOHR. 20 December 2024.
  11. ^ "11 ISIS mercenaries arrested in Deir ez-Zor". Hawar News Agency. 8 December 2024. Retrieved 8 December 2024.
  12. ^ a b "After sending large military reinforcements, the Syrian Democratic Forces attack the "Seven Villages" and a missile attack targets the "Conoco" field base" (in Arabic). SOHR. 3 December 2024. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
  13. ^ "New attack: Member of SDF kil*led and others injured by IS*IS cells at a military checkpoint in Deir Ezzor". SOHR. 2024-11-17. Retrieved 2024-12-01.
  14. ^ "Deir Ezzor: "International Coalition" forces conduct exercises with live ammunition in Al-Omar Field". SOHR. 2024-11-19. Retrieved 2024-12-01.
  15. ^ "Primary dea*th toll: Five members of Iranian militias kil*led under US airstrikes on Deir Ezzor". SOHR. 2024-11-19. Retrieved 2024-12-01.
  16. ^ "Remarkable escalation: "ISIS" targets "SDF" military vehicle killing and injuring 12 members". SOHR. 21 November 2024.
  17. ^ "Having been ambushed by ISIS: Four members of IRGC killed and injured in eastern Deir Ezzor countryside". SOHR. 2024-11-23. Retrieved 2024-12-01.
  18. ^ "New attack: Three members of "SDF" kil*led and injured in explosion of I*E*D planted by IS*IS cells in Deir Ezzor". SOHR. 2024-11-24. Retrieved 2024-12-01.
  19. ^ "Significant escalation: IS*IS cells carry out two consecutive attacks in Deir Ezzor and kil*l driver of oil tank". SOHR. 2024-11-25. Retrieved 2024-12-01.
  20. ^ "New attacks: Russian fighter jets target positions of IS*IS cells in Al-Raqqa and Deir Ezzor Deserts". SOHR. 2024-11-27. Retrieved 2024-12-01.
  21. ^ "New attack: IS*IS cells attack military checkpoint of "SDF" eastern of Deir Ezzor". SOHR. 2024-11-27. Retrieved 2024-12-01.
  22. ^ "Followed by clashes: ISIS cells attack military vehicle of Self-defence members in Deir Ezzor countryside". SOHR. 2024-11-28. Retrieved 2024-12-01.
  23. ^ "New round: International Coalition Forces conduct military drills in northern Deir Ezzor". SOHR. 2024-11-28. Retrieved 2024-12-01.
  24. ^ "Deir Ezzor: Anonymous planes target positions of Iranian militias in Al-Bokamal Desert at borders between Syria and Iraq". SOHR. 2024-11-29. Retrieved 2024-12-01.
  25. ^ "After entering to curb Iranian-backed militias expansion: Russian forces withdraw from the "seven villages" area in Deir Ezzor countryside". SOHR. 2024-11-30. Retrieved 2024-12-01.
  26. ^ "Military escalation: "International Coalition" Forces shell the "seven villages" in Deir Ezzor". SOHR. 2024-11-30. Retrieved 2024-12-01.
  27. ^ "ISF arrest leading ISIS member north of Deir ez-Zor". hawarnews.com. 2 December 2024.
  28. ^ "Amid artillery fire that left four civilian casualties: Member of "Deir Ezzor Military Council Forces" killed in clashes with regime forces". SOHR. 3 December 2024.
  29. ^ "Iran Update, December 3, 2024". Retrieved 4 December 2024.
  30. ^ "Coinciding with an attack on seven villages: Six members of Revolutionary Guards kil*led under US airstrikes on position near Deir Ezzor Airport". SOHR. 3 December 2024. Retrieved 3 December 2024.
  31. ^ "Regime forces withdraw from positions in the countryside of Raqqa...and the "SDF" deploys in anticipation of "organization" attacks" (in Arabic). 5 December 2024. Retrieved 5 December 2024.
  32. ^ "Towards the capital Damascus.. Regime forces withdraw from several points in Deir Ezzor, Al-Mayadeen and Al-Bukamal" (in Arabic). SOHR. 6 December 2024. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  33. ^ "US-backed Syrian Kurds seize eastern city of Deir el-Zor, sources say". Reuters. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
  34. ^ Lior Ben Ari (10 December 2024). "Syrian opposition says has taken control of major city near border with Iraq". Ynet. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  35. ^ "Iran Update, December 10, 2024". Institute for the Study of War. 10 December 2024. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  36. ^ Amberin Zaman (10 December 2024). "Syria's Kurds faced with all-out war as Turkey, Sunni allies target Kobani". Al-Monitor. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  37. ^ "New attack | ISIS cells kill member of "SDF" in Deir Ezzor". SOHR. 17 December 2024.
  38. ^ "Al-Raqqa | Member of "Al-Asayish" killed and others injured in an attack by ISIS cells on checkpoint of Internal Security Forces". SOHR. 17 December 2024.
  39. ^ "Affected by wounds sustained in attack by ISIS cells | Asayish member dies in southern Al-Raqqah". SOHR. 19 December 2024.
  40. ^ "New attack | Emir of ISIS cells and his companion killed under US airstrike on Deir Ezzor". SOHR. 20 December 2024.
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