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Old Garfield School (Salem, Oregon)

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Coordinates: 44°56′36″N 123°01′51″W / 44.94345°N 123.03096°W / 44.94345; -123.03096
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Old Garfield School
Garfield Elementary School
Photograph of a scenic building on a high promontory with an expansive view over a river and canyon
Old Garfield School
Location528 Cottage Street NE
Salem, Oregon
Coordinates44°56′36″N 123°01′51″W / 44.94345°N 123.03096°W / 44.94345; -123.03096
Built1909
ArchitectFred A. Legg
Architectural styleAmerican Renaissance
NRHP reference No.81000510[1]
Added to NRHPDecember 2, 1981

The Old Garfield School is a former schoolhouse in Salem, Oregon. From 1909 to 1973, it was an elementary school called the Garfield Elementary School, and was part of the Salem-Keizer School District. The school closed In 1973 and the City of Salem sold the property to a private company, which then renovated the building. It reopened as office space for lease in 1974 and remains in use as of January 2025.

The Old Garfield School has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1981.[2]

Location and structure

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The Old Garfield School is located near downtown Salem, Oregon, on the corner of Marion and Cottage streets. It was built in the American Renaissance style and is made of brick, with three floors and an attic. Renovations have preserved the exterior appearance of the building.

The original floor plan had two floors, and each floor had four major classrooms, with one in each corner and small rooms between them. The renovations of the 1970s changed the interior layout, including additions such as an elevator and two murals which reflect the buliding's history.

History

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Construction (1908–1909)

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In March 1909, the public voted to pass a bond measure to build the Garfield school on a property the School Board had bought in 1908. Two days before the vote, a fire broke out at a wooden schoolhouse in East Salem, threatening the lives of 550 students.[2]

The Garfield School was the first public elementary school in Salem to be contructed out of brick. At the time, there were six schoolhouses in Salem, and all of them were made of wood. Several schoolhouses experienced fires which endangered the students and staff, so brick and concrete[3] were chosen as the materials for the new school in the hopes that their relatively fire-resistant properties would mitigate fire risk.[3]

Local architect Frank A. Legg designed the building,[a] and construction was completed in October 1909.[4]

Garfield Elementary School operation (1909–1973)

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The first principal of the Garfield Elementary School was Margaret J. Cosper. She placed a strong emphasis on discipline and was known for playing martial music on her Victrola Gramophone while students marched out of classes at noon and the end of the day. She also placed high value on European art in education; photographs of well-known artworks were placed in the hallways, and three Italian statues were displayed in prominent places around the school.

The school closed in 1973.

Closure and renovation (1973–present)

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In 1974, a year after the school was closed, the Garfield building was bought and renovated.[3] Adaptive-use renovation turned the rooms into office spaces in 1974. A second round of renovation took place in 1979; this renovation had minimal effect on the inside of the building and was just focused on making the space leasable. An elevator was added to ensure the building met modern building code, and the playground was removed and replaced with a parking lot.

The Old Garfield School was added to the National Register of Historic Places in December 1981.[2]

Footnotes

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  1. ^ Legg received five percent of the construction costs. This was the first school Legg designed in the region; after this he designed additional schools in the Salem school district and in other areas in the Pacific Northwest, including another schoolhouse in Camas, Washington.

References

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  1. ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
  2. ^ a b c "Nomination Form". National Register of Historic Places - Digital Archive on NPGallery. Form prepared by Alfred C. Jones with assistance from David C. Duniway. National Park Service. 1981-12-02 [1981-06-19]. Archived from the original on 2024-12-23. Retrieved 2025-01-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  3. ^ a b c "Oregon Historic Photograph Collections: Garfield Elementary School, Salem, Oregon". City of Salem. 2006-12-06. Archived from the original on 2023-11-21. Retrieved 2025-01-07.
  4. ^ Kadas, Marianne (August 1992). "Historic Context Statement for the City of Salem, Oregon" (PDF). oregon.gov. Project Coordinator: Alicia Fowler. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-01-09. Retrieved 2025-01-07.
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