Template:Government recognition of the Holodomor
Ukraine's Ministry of Foreign Affairs has run campaigns and lobbied the United Nations and the Council of Europe to recognise the Holodomor as a genocide internationally.[1] The governments of various countries have issued statements recognizing the Holodomor as genocide including Ukraine since 2006,[2] and 13 other countries as of 2015[update].[3]
In November 2022, the Belarusian opposition in exile recognised the Holodomor as a genocide,[4] and Pope Francis compared the Russian war in Ukraine with its targeted destruction of civilian infrastructure to the "terrible Holodomor Genocide", during an address at St. Peter's Square.[5] As of October 2023[update], 34 countries recognise the Holodomor as a genocide.
Countries whose legislatures have passed a resolution recognizing the Holodomor as a genocide:
Australia, 28 October 1993[3]
Belgium, 10 March 2023[6]
Brazil, 26 April 2022[7][8]
Bulgaria, 1 February 2023[9][10]
Canada, 20 June 2003[3]
Colombia, 21 December 2007[3]
Croatia, moved 15 June 2023,[11] approved 28 June 2023[12]
Czech Republic, 6 April 2022[13]
Ecuador, 30 October 2007[3]
Estonia, 20 October 1993[3][14]
France, 28 March 2023[15][16][17]
Georgia, 20 December 2005[3]
Germany, 30 November 2022[18]
Hungary, 26 November 2003[3]
Iceland, 22 March 2023[19][20][21]
Ireland, 24 November 2022 (resolution passed by the Seanad)[22]
Italy, 26 July 2023[23]
Latvia, 13 March 2008[3]
Lithuania, 24 November 2005[3]
Luxembourg, 13 June 2023[24][25]
Mexico, 19 February 2008[3]
Moldova, 24 November 2022[26]
Netherlands, 7 July 2023[27][28]
Paraguay, 25 October 2007[3]
Peru, 19 June 2007[3]
Poland, 4 December 2006[3]
Portugal, 2 March 2017[29]
Romania, 24 November 2022[30]
Slovakia, 20 June 2023[31][32]
Slovenia, 23 May 2023[33][34]
Switzerland, 24 September 2024
Ukraine, 28 November 2006[2]
United Kingdom, 25 May 2023 (resolution passed by the House of Commons)[35]
United States, 11 December 2018 (resolution passed by the House of Representatives; on 4 October 2018 resolution passed by the Senate)[37][38]
Vatican City, 2 April 2004[39][3]
Other political bodies whose legislatures have passed a resolution recognizing Holodomor as a genocide:
EU, 15 December 2022[40][41]
Council of Europe, 12 October 2023[42]
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (government in exile), 19 April 2023[43][44]
References
- ^ Andriewsky 2015, p. 21: "On 28 November 2006, the Parliament of Ukraine, with the president's support and in consultation with the National Academy of Sciences, voted to recognize the Ukrainian Famine of 1932–33 as a deliberate act of genocide against the Ukrainian people ("Zakon Ukrainy pro Holodomor"). A vigorous international campaign was subsequently initiated by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to have the United Nations, the Council of Europe, and other governments do the same."
- ^ a b "ZAKON UKRAYINY: Pro Holodomor 1932–1933 rokiv v Ukrayini" ЗАКОН УКРАЇНИ: Про Голодомор 1932–1933 років в Україні [LAW OF UKRAINE: About the Holodomor of 1932–1933 in Ukraine]. rada.gov.ua (in Ukrainian). 28 November 2006. Archived from the original on 3 May 2015. Retrieved 6 May 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "International Recognition of the Holodomor". Holodomor Education. Archived from the original on 31 December 2015. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
- ^ "Romania and Belarus' opposition recognized Holodomor as a genocide of Ukrainians". The New Voice of Ukraine. Yahoo! News. 24 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
- ^ Pianigiani, Gaia (23 November 2022). "Pope Francis compares Russia's war against Ukraine to a devastating Stalin-era famine". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 24 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
- ^ "Belgium's House of Representatives recognises Holodomor as genocide of Ukrainians". Archived from the original on 10 March 2023. Retrieved 10 March 2023.
- ^ "The upper house of the Brazilian parliament has recognized the Holodomor as an act of genocide". Archived from the original on 16 May 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
- ^ "Aprovado reconhecimento do Holodomor como genocídio contra ucranianos" [Approved recognition of Holodomor as genocide against Ukrainians]. Senado Federal (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 3 May 2022. Retrieved 14 December 2022.
- ^ "Bulgarian parliament recognizes Holodomor as genocide against Ukrainian people". The Kyiv Independent. 1 February 2023. Archived from the original on 30 May 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
- ^ "Bulgaria's National Assembly declares the Holodomor In Ukraine a genocide". 1 February 2023. Archived from the original on 3 February 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
- ^ "Croatian government supports recognition of Holodomor as genocide". Kyiv Independent. 15 June 2023. Archived from the original on 30 June 2023. Retrieved 15 June 2023.
- ^ Thomas, Mark (28 June 2023). "Croatian Parliament Unanimously Recognizes Holodomor as Genocide against the Ukrainian People". Dubrovnik Times. Archived from the original on 1 July 2023.
- ^ "The Czech Republic recognized the Holodomor of 1932–1933 as genocide in Ukraine". Archived from the original on 25 November 2022. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
- ^ "Riigikogu 20. oktoobri 1993. a avaldus" [Statement by Riigikogu on 20 October 1993] (in Estonian). 20 October 1993. Retrieved 28 July 2023.
- ^ "France recognizes Holodomor as genocide against Ukrainians". The Kyiv Independent. 28 March 2023. Archived from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 28 March 2023.
- ^ "Reconnaissance et condamnation de la grande famine de 1932–1933, connue sous le nom d'Holodomor, comme génocide" [Recognition and condemnation of the great famine of 1932–1933, known as the Holodomor, as genocide]. Assemblée nationale (in French). Archived from the original on 29 January 2023. Retrieved 30 March 2023.
- ^ "French Senate recognizes 1932–1933 Holodomor as genocide of Ukrainian people". Ukrinform. 17 May 2023. Archived from the original on 21 May 2023.
- ^ Sitnikova, Iryna (30 November 2022). "Німеччина визнала Голодомор геноцидом українського народу" [Germany recognized the Holodomor with the genocide of the Ukrainian people] (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 30 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
- ^ "Segja hungursneyð í Úkraínu hafa verið hópmorð" [Say the famine in Ukraine was mass murder]. Morgunblaðið (in Icelandic). 23 March 2023. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
- ^ "Iceland recognizes Holodomor as genocide against Ukrainians". The Kyiv Independent. 23 March 2023. Retrieved 28 March 2023.
- ^ "Iceland recognizes Holodomor as genocide against Ukrainian people". 23 March 2023. Archived from the original on 30 May 2023. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
- ^
- "Ireland's Senate recognizes Holodomor of 1932–1933 in Ukraine as genocide". 24 November 2022. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
- "Mark Daly". Facebook. Retrieved 14 December 2022.
- Stewart, Daniel (24 November 2022). "Irish Senate recognizes Ukrainian genocide in the 1930s". News 360. MSN. Archived from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
- ^ "Italian Senate recognizes Holodomor as genocide". The Kyiv Independent. 26 July 2023. Retrieved 27 July 2023.
- ^ "Luxembourg's parliament recognizes Holodomor as genocide against Ukrainians". Ukrinform. 14 June 2023. Archived from the original on 15 June 2023.
- ^ "Luxembourg Parliament recognises Holodomor as genocide of Ukrainian people". MSN. Ukrainska Pravda. 13 June 2023. Archived from the original on 14 July 2023.
- ^ "Romania, Moldova, Ireland recognize Holodomor as genocide against Ukrainian people". 24 November 2022. Archived from the original on 21 December 2022. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
- ^ "Dutch House of Representatives recognises Holodomor as genocide of Ukrainian people". Ukrainska Pravda. 7 July 2023. Archived from the original on 7 July 2023.
- ^ Vaniyan, Roman (7 July 2023). "The Netherlands recognizes Holodomor as a genocide of the Ukrainian people". Ukrainian News. Archived from the original on 7 July 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
- ^ "Parlamento de Portugal reconheceu a Holodomor de 1932–1933 na Ucrânia como Genocídio contra o povo Ucraniano" [Parliament of Portugal recognized the Holodomor of 1932–1933 in Ukraine as Genocide against the Ukrainian people] (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 1 April 2021. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
- ^ "Romania recognizes Holodomor of 1932–1933 in Ukraine as genocide". 24 November 2022. Archived from the original on 16 December 2022. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
- ^ "Návrh skupiny poslancov Národnej rady Slovenskej republiky na prijatie uznesenia Národnej rady Slovenskej republiky k uznaniu hladomoru na Ukrajine v rokoch 1932–1933 za genocídu (tlač 1734). Hlasovanie o návrhu uznesenia" [Proposal of a group of deputies of the National Council of the Slovak Republic to adopt a resolution of the National Council of the Slovak Republic to recognize the famine in Ukraine in the years 1932–1933 as genocide (print 1734). Voting on the draft resolution]. National Council of the Slovak Republic website (in Slovak). 20 June 2023. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
- ^ "Slovakian parliament recognises Holodomor as genocide of Ukrainian people". Ukrainska Pravda. 20 June 2023. Archived from the original on 29 June 2023. Retrieved 20 June 2023.
- ^ Angleški, S. T. A. (23 May 2023). "Slovenia recognizes Holodomor as genocide". Slovenia Times. Archived from the original on 24 May 2023. Retrieved 24 May 2023.
- ^ "Slovenija gladomor priznala za genocid, Zelenski se zahvaljuje poslancem" [Slovenia recognized the famine as genocide, Zelenski thanks the MPs]. 24ur.com (in Slovenian). 23 May 2023. Archived from the original on 29 May 2023. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
- ^ "Ukrainian Holodomor: Debated on Thursday 25 May 2023". UK Parliament. Archived from the original on 25 May 2023. Retrieved 30 May 2023.
- ^ "The Parliament of Wales recognized the Holodomor as genocide of the Ukrainian people". European Pravda. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
- ^
- "Senat SSHA vyznav Holodomor henotsydom ukrayinsʹkoho narodu" Сенат США визнав Голодомор геноцидом українського народу [The US Senate recognized the Holodomor as genocide of the Ukrainian people]. Ukrainian Pravda (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 4 October 2018. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
- Najarian, Mark (October 5, 2018). "U.S. Senate Says Stalin 'Committed Genocide' In Famine-Hit Ukraine". Radio Free Europe. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
- "US House of Representatives Authorizes Construction of Ukrainian Genocide Monument in Washington, D.C." UCCA. 16 November 2005. Archived from the original on 25 November 2005.
- United States House of Representatives, Washington, D.C. (21 October 2003). "HR356 "Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives regarding the man-made famine that occurred in Ukraine in 1932–1933"". Archived from the original on June 15, 2008. "Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives that the 85th anniversary of the Ukrainian Famine of 1932—1933, known as the Holodomor, should serve as a reminder of repressive Soviet policies against the people of Ukraine". United States Congress. Archived from the original on 12 December 2018. Retrieved 13 December 2018.
- ^ "Text – H.Res.931 – 115th Congress (2017–2018): Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives that the 85th anniversary of the Ukrainian Famine of 1932–1933, known as the Holodomor, should serve as a reminder of repressive Soviet policies against the people of Ukraine". United States Congress. 11 December 2018. Archived from the original on 29 August 2019. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
- ^ "Statement by Pope John Paul II on the 70th anniversary of the Famine". skrobach.com. 2007. Archived from the original on 30 June 2007.
- ^ "European Parliament recognizes Holodomor as genocide against Ukrainian people". Ukrinform. Archived from the original on 24 December 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
- ^ Dahm, Julia (15 December 2022). "EU parliament votes to recognise 'Holodomor' famine as genocide". Euractiv. Archived from the original on 15 December 2022. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
- ^ "PACE recognises Holodomor as genocide". Ukrainska Pravda. 12 October 2023.
- ^ "O priznanii Golodomora 1932 — 1933 godov v Ukraine aktom genotsida ukrainskogo naroda" О признании Голодомора 1932 — 1933 годов в Украине актом геноцида украинского народа [On the Recognition of the Holodomor]. chechen-government.com (in Russian). Archived from the original on 22 August 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
- ^ The New Voice of Ukraine (18 October 2022). "Ukraine recognizes the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria". Yahoo! News. Archived from the original on 5 March 2024.
Bibliography
[edit]- Andriewsky, Olga (23 January 2015). "Towards a Decentred History: The Study of the Holodomor and Ukrainian Historiography". East/West: Journal of Ukrainian Studies. 2 (1): 18–52. doi:10.21226/T2301N. ISSN 2292-7956. Archived from the original on 8 June 2018.