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Ahmia

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Ahmia
Type of site
Web search engine
Created byJuha Nurmi[1]
URLahmia.fi
juhanurmihxlp77nkq76byazcldy2hlmovfu2epvl5ankdibsot4csyd.onion Tor network(Accessing link help)
Launched2014; 11 years ago (2014)[1]
Current statusOnline

Ahmia is a clearnet search engine for Tor's onion services created by Juha Nurmi in 2014.[2] Ahmia is accessible through both its clearweb website and its onion service version. It is one of the primary tools used by Tor users to discover and access onion websites.[3]

Overview

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Developed during the 2014 Google Summer of Code by Juha Nurmi with support from the Tor Project,[1] the open source[4]. Ahmia indexes onion websites on the Tor network.[5] The search engine is open-source: the crawler component is based on Scrapy,[6] the index component is built with Elasticsearch,[7] and the website component is developed with Django.[8]

Ahmia has a strict policy of filtering child sexual abuse material, and since October 2023, Ahmia has expanded its filter to include all sexually related searches due to the unfortunate widespread distribution and search of child sexual abuse on Tor.[9] In a study in Scientific Reports explained the filtering policies for Ahmia and its role in combating the distribution of illicit content on the Tor network. The paper also acknowledged the contributions of the first author, Juha Nurmi, the creator of Ahmia as he expanded filtering policies in November 2023. According to the scientific publication, the decision to broaden content filtering was the result of the research findings, which showed that 11 percent of search sessions sought child sexual abuse material on Tor and that around one-fifth of onion websites hosted such unlawful content.[10]

The service partners with GlobaLeaks's submissions and Tor2web statistics for hidden service discovery[11] and as of July 2015 has indexed about 5000 sites.[12] Ahmia is also affiliated with Hermes Center for Transparency and Digital Rights, an organization that promotes transparency and freedom-enabling technologies.[13]

In July 2015 the site published a list of hundreds of fraudulent clones of web pages (including such sites as DuckDuckGo, as well a dark web page).[14][15] According to Nurmi, "someone runs a fake site on a similar address to the original one and tries to fool people with that" with the intent of scamming people (e.g. gathering bitcoin money by spoofing bitcoin addresses).[16]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c "Tor ♥ Ahmia Project: Supporting Google Summer of Code 2014". Tor Project. Retrieved 6 January 2025.
  2. ^ Nurmi, Juha. "About Ahmia". Ahmia. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
  3. ^ Winter, Philipp; Edmundson, Anne; Roberts, Laura M.; Dutkowska-Żuk, Agnieszka; Chetty, Marshini; Feamster, Nick (2018). How do Tor users interact with onion services? (PDF). 27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18). Retrieved 6 January 2025.
  4. ^ Greif, Björn (14 July 2015). "Gefälschte .onion-Websites spähen Tor-Nutzer aus" (in German). ZDNet. Retrieved 4 August 2015.
  5. ^ "Google Can't Search the Deep Web, So How Do Deep Web Search Engines Work?: Networks Course blog for INFO 2040/CS 2850/Econ 2040/SOC 2090". Retrieved 2019-03-07.
  6. ^ "Ahmia Crawler: Open-source crawler for Ahmia search engine". GitHub. Retrieved 6 January 2025.
  7. ^ "Ahmia Index: Elasticsearch-based indexing component for Ahmia search engine". GitHub. Retrieved 6 January 2025.
  8. ^ "Ahmia Site: Open-source website component for Ahmia search engine". GitHub. Retrieved 6 January 2025.
  9. ^ Nurmi, Juha. "Ahmia Legal Disclaimer". Ahmia. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
  10. ^ Nurmi, Juha; Paju, Arttu; Brumley, Billy Bob; Insoll, Tegan; Ovaska, Anna K.; Soloveva, Valeriia; Vaaranen-Valkonen, Nina; Aaltonen, Mikko; Arroyo, David (2024-04-03). "Investigating child sexual abuse material availability, searches, and users on the anonymous Tor network for a public health intervention strategy". Scientific Reports. 14: 7849. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-58346-7. Retrieved 2025-01-06.
  11. ^ "About us". Retrieved 3 August 2015.
  12. ^ Leyden, John (7 Jul 2015). "Heart of Darkness: Mass of clone scam sites appear". The Register. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
  13. ^ "The new search engines shining a light on the Deep Web". The Kernel. 2014-09-28. Archived from the original on 2020-03-27. Retrieved 2019-03-07.
  14. ^ MacGregor, Alice (1 July 2015). "Hundreds of Dark Web mirror sites 'booby-trapping' Tor users". Archived from the original on 20 July 2015. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
  15. ^ Marwan, Peter (14 July 2015). "Anonymität von TOR-Nutzern durch Fake-Websites gefährdet" (in German). ITespresso. Retrieved 4 August 2015.
  16. ^ Weissman, Cale Guthrie (July 2, 2015). "Someone is creating fake websites on the dark web to try to lure in and hack people". Business Insider. Retrieved 2019-03-07.


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